Today’s soldiers have FaceTime, Skype, email, and cell phones to keep in touch with their loved ones when they are away.  The World War I soldiers had none of these.  Soldiers and their families communicated through letters.

Gilbert Lewis was one soldier who wrote home.  He was the son of the editor of the Kinsley Graphic and had graduated from Kinsley High School in 1910.  He got his law degree from Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. and began practicing law in Pittsburg, KS.  The day after the U.S. declared war on Germany, he enlisted.  He was 24 year old when he reported for duty at Fort Riley in early May, 1917.

Gilbert sent a letter to the Pittsburg Daily Headlight, which they published.  On May 21, 1917, the Daily Headlight reported that “Uncle Sam has put the news lid on Fort Riley.  An order has been posted in the reserve officers training camp that no officer or enlisted man shall furnish correspondence to any newspaper.”

Because newspapers continued to print letters, I am guessing that it was OK for friends and relatives to take the letters they received to the newspaper for publication.  Soldiers could just not be war correspondents.  No more of Lewis’ letters appeared in the Daily Headlight, but they were published regularly in the Kinsley Graphic.

In early July, 1918, Lieutenant Lewis was in France.  He wrote “I’ve had a new job wished on me in addition to my regular duties.  I am town mayor altho I still wear Lieutenant’s bars and have that salary.  Have charge of the handling of the billets of troops and officers and the first thing I did was to billet myself in a nice room vacated by the departing town mayor.  It is a dandy clean room upstairs, simply spic and span as can be, and down stairs the people run a bake shop and are nice and friendly.  They gave me some warm water for a bath tonight.  On the bed is a thick feather tick and you almost sink out of sight in it, but my how you do sleep….The way the job came, they sent to Co. H. for an officer to relieve the departing mayor, and being the Junior Lieutenant the Captain picked on me….The mayor must act as a buffer between the civilian and military authorities, and up to date, I have settled fifteen hundred rows more or less.  Of course an interpreter goes with the office.  This morning I had a time assuring an old Frenchman that the gas engine of the surgical car would not shake his building down, and another that the boys would not play ball in his pasture any more.     Also asked an old lady if we could have religious services on her field and she said ‘sure” in French. (Kinsley Graphic, August 8, 1917)

The letter published the following week told of another duty the mayor had.  “Today, July 14, is a big day for France, the anniversary of the taking of the Bastille.  They celebrate as we do the Fourth of July, and today we are to help in their celebration by having a parade.  As town mayor I am to go with a party of officers and call on the Mayor and present America’s compliment and say a few nice things, and then when the excitement is over the rest of the day is ours.”

A letter published in the September 26, 1918 issue of the Graphic, reveals that Lewis has been in the front lines in France and has now been moved back to support.  (Troops were continually rotated in and out of the front line trenches.) He relates the following story:

“My nice trench coat has been repaired and does not look so bad.  It was hanging in the shack we were staying in when we were in support.  The place was shelled and riddled with bits of high explosive shells.  At the time I was in the front line trenches.  That night we all slept in dugouts though, just to be safe.  One day Wick and I were gathering plums in a deserted village between the support lines and the front line trenches and about two miles from the German lines.  Wick insisted on climbing into the trees that were exposed to the view of the Germans and I suggested to him he might be observed, but he insisted we were so far away the Germans could not see us.  Well, I don’t know whether they did or not, but pretty soon I heard the whine of a shell coming, and you can sure tell when they are headed in your direction. Wick jumped down out of the tree and I was already on the ground.  The shell whizzed by right over the tree and exploded about 150 yards beyond.  Strange to say we gathered no more plums but wended our way homeward to the support.  Wick allowed as how he didn’t mind being sniped at by the Germans with a rifle, but when they took to sniping with three inch cannon, it was time to call off plum gathering for the day.  But you don’t need anybody to tell you to duck when you hear the whine of those shells coming.  It sounds lots nicer to hear our own artillery shells sing as they toward the German lines.”

Chautauqua is Entertaining Crowds and Pleasing Everybody
(Reprinted from the Kinsley Graphic, August 29, 1918)

 “The best Chautauqua we have ever had is now going on under the big brown tent.  The opening program was given by the best girl company Horner has ever put out, and the audiences have been responsive and appreciative.

The lecture by Captain Lougher was pronounced by those who have heard hundreds of war lectures, the strongest plea for the necessity of speed and spirit for winning a victory they had ever heard.

Captain Lougher has been in the service for four years and was brought home by the government to speak on the Chautauqua circuits.  Captain Lougher held his audience spell-bound for an hour and a half.  He presented to them the vital points that illuminate the war, and America’s duty in helping to win it.

Major Marr and his Canadian soldiers went straight to the hearts of our people.  They are all returned soldiers, wounded many times, and unable to fight, so they are doing their bit in another way.

Cimera’s band was pronounced by everybody the best band Mr. Horner has ever given us.  The woodwind section of it is very fine, and the tone textures more like an orchestra than a band.  Mr. Cimera is an artistic conductor and his interpretation of the beautiful numbers “The Benediction” from “The Hugenots” and the overture from William Tell delighted the big audience.  The conductor at the request of the audience played on afternoon and evening programs a trombone solo, which was encored over and over.

Madame Cafarelli, who has a beautiful voice, a perfect method and a charming personality, was soloist of both concerts.  We believe she gave more pleasure in her singing than any other soloist we have had.  She had the advantage of the delightful accompaniments played by the band.  Mr. Cimera is from Bohemia and like all the people from his country who come to us, is an intensely loyal American.  He watches from afar the bitter struggle of his people for freedom.

The big feature on the platform this year was the talk by Captain David Fallon on “Fighting Thru Hell.”  The speaker was introduced by Congressman Jouett Shouse, who was given a rousing welcome when he appeared, and who made an interesting talk, which came to us straight from Washington.

Captain Fallon speaks from the heat of his own experiences fighting Germany, as a soldier in the infantry, in the flying service and in the tanks.  He has the gift of language and set before his hearers a somber picture of what this war with Germany has meant to the countries invaded, and to the civilized world, painting it in words tipped with flame of suffering.  He bears on his body the scars of his sacrifice, and his gallant spirit grieves more because he cannot get back into the fight than because of the wounds.  A student of world affairs, a teacher of military training in the English schools of both India and Australia before the war, he gave an address from our platform that will do more to make our people realize their duty, their danger, than any other speaker.

His book on the Gallipoli campaign is one of the big books of the war, and it is rightly named “The Big Fight.”  The largest audience for this year’s Chautauqua greeted Capt. Fallon under the tent last night.

Mr. Welch, who has been managing our Chautauqua because the regular platform men are in the army, is a prince of manager and Kinsley likes him. The Chautauqua service flag ahs 250 stars on it.”

Closing of Chautauqua  (Reprinted from the Kinsley Graphic, September 5, 1918)
Closing Programs are Best Ever and Plans are Made for Next Year

“On Thursday afternoon of the press last week, one of the very finest programs of the week was given by the American nurse, Harriet Bird Warren.  She has a beautiful speaking voice and told in a way which held her audience, the story of her work with the French army for the men who are wounded by the Huns. She is a surgical nurse, her specialty being plastic surgery.  She touched the hearts of her hearers, and paid the same fine tribute to the French women who are carrying on the work of France and keeping up the morale of their men that all who have spoken on the war have done.

She plead with American Women to do their full duty here and to volunteer for service overseas if possible.  In the evening Montraville Wood gave a scientific lecture which explained the use of the gyroscope in this war, the violet ray, which he illustrated in some fine experiments, and the submarine.

He had a full-sized torpedo with ears that seemed the most human piece of machinery ever invented, and gave many ideas about the new scientific things now in use in the war with the Hun, which will be in general use after the war.

Kansas composer, Mr. Thurlow Lieurance, and the Premier Quartet gave the afternoon program Friday and the prelude to the play ‘The Climax’ in the evening.

Mr. Lieurance is the foremost authority on American Indian music and the composer of many songs in which he uses the thematic material secured from the long study on Indian music.  He has a new rhapsody using the Indian songs, and collaborating with Preston Ware Orem.

The Premier artists were Mr. Haverstraw of Lincoln and Mr. Parvin Witte of Kansas City, Miss Edna Wooley (Mrs. Thurlow Lieurance) and Miss Grey of Kansas City, and it is the finest singing organization Mr. Horner has ever had on this circuit.  Mr. Haverstraw is a composer of note and ‘My Soldier,” one of his songs, was on the afternoon program, sung by the composer.  Miss Wooley sings the beautiful Indian songs of Mr. Lieurance better than anyone else, having a voice of great beauty with a flute like quality, which brings out their loveliness.

At the close of the program enough people had signed the contract for next year to assure Kinsley of a Chautauqua in 1919.

Practically the same public spirited citizens went on the guarantee as before.  The Horner management did not push the matter at all, as they have lost money every year on the town.  But Mr. Horner takes the ground that if a town wants a Chautauqua he will come and take his chances on coming out even in some other place.  The sale of tickets for the lecture of Captain Fallon illustrates the matter.  Kinsley sold sixty-six dollars’ worth of single admissions and Stafford, a town of the same size, sold one hundred and seventy dollars’ worth for the same lecture. That seems to hold good on all Chautauqua talent. But the old guard, or most of them, saved the day as usual….”

I have left three performers for this post on the anniversary of the day the Chautauqua commenced 100 years ago.  First was Rev. Dr. Ira Landrith, a famous orator, politician and Prohibitionist. Prohibition was alive and well in Kansas at this time, so I imagine many were  interested in hearing Landrith.  Just two years before in the 1916 election, he had run for Vice President on the Prohibition Party ticket. Frank Hardy was the Presidential candidate, and they received 221,302 votes.

I found a description of a talk given by Dr. Landrith’s in Dodge City at a Rotary Club meeting the next week.  “He brought a cheerful message about the loyalty of the people of the United States.  He has traveled through every state of the union and he has concluded that there is no longer a single disloyal community in the entire country.   Here and there he has found places where pro-Germans have appeared earlier, but although he has traveled on the fastest trains, he has been unable to catch up with any of them” (Dodge City Daily Globe, August 26, 1918)

Also on the program was John B. Ratto, “The man who makes faces and fits the voice to the face.”  In the same spirit of patriotism in the shadow of World War I, Mr. Ratto’s performance mirrored the times.

When the Chautauqua was in Winfield, Kansas in July, the Winfield Daily Free Press wrote: “Mr. John Ratto, gave a most interesting impersonation of the outstanding characters of this world war.  He impersonated Peter of Servia, as he gave his protestations to the German Emperor, and represented each one of the heads of the allied nations as they also sent in their protests, finishing with the patriots of the United States in his impersonations of Washington, Lincoln, Uncle Sam and the Goddess of Liberty.  Besides this one very unusual effort, Mr. Ratto gave several good comic numbers and was very pleasing and entertaining.”

The last person on the bill whom I want to tell you about I found to be the most interesting.  Montraville Wood was often described as the Magician Scientist.  According to the Chanute Daily Tribune of August 10, 1918, Wood “… was acquainted with Thomas A. Edison.  In the early days they worked together on a number of propositions. In fact, there are two standard machines for the creation of the ultra-violet ray, one at the Edison plant in East Orange, N.J., and the other in Montraville Wood’s possession.  In his entertainment, Mr. Wood often stages a gyroscope wrestling match and he further uses the ‘gyro’ to demonstrate his monorail in the aisles on a wire.  The ultra-violet ray is demonstrated in several ways.  Light is stored in artificial flowers and discs, with an effect that is unusually weird.  He explains that eventually it will be possible to store enough light in our walls in the daytime to last on thru the night.  He further predicts that it will not be many years before we are traveling thru the air in monorail cars.  One of the interesting ways in which Wood demonstrates the practical use of the gyroscope is in a bi-plane with one wing missing.  The car, assisted by the gyroscope, maintains its equilibrium.”
  
I did a little more research and discovered that Wood was an electrical engineer and aerial postmaster for the U.S. Post Office before he joined the Chautauqua circuit.  He was the first to put a gyroscope into an airplane.  Using his knowledge about the gyroscope in conjunction with his other experi- ments in sound waves, Wood developed the “hearing torpedo” that was subsequently purchased and used by the United States navy, first in World War I and then again in World War II.  If all of that does not impress your, Wood was also the mechanist for the famous magician, Houdini.  Wood actually created eight different ways that a person can escape from a milk can.

In 1918 there was no TV or radio to listen, so when the Chautauqua came to town in was a big social event.  I could find no mention of how many people attended the 2018 Chautauqua, which was billed as a “Brilliant and Patriotic Program.”

Music was one of the main attractions at the Chautauqua.  Besides the Major Marr Entertainers mentioned in Post #68, other musical presentations were enjoyed.  The Ladies Regimental Orchestra consisted of eight women who usually kicked off the Chautauqua with lively songs and readings.  The eight members played the piano, violin, drums, cornet, flute, clarinet, and sang.

One can imagine the tent filling with the sound of the 25-piece Cimera Band playing patriotic marches, classical and popular music. The band leader, Jerroslav (Jerry) Cimera, was a well-known trombonist who also composed music, especially for the trombone.  The band provided the music for Madame Helene Cafarelli, an Italian prima donna soprano, and Thurlow W. Lieurance.

Mr. Lieurance was an American composer who grew up in SE Kansas and was particularly well-known for his songs inspired by Native American culture.  His wife, Edna Woolley, traveled with him and performed his songs.  Pehaps his most popular,  “By the Waters of Minnetonka” has been recorded by many artists and may still be familiar to you.  Here is a link to a 1920 version, which probably sounds much like it did in Kinsley 100 years ago.  The modern ear might recognize and enjoy more Nelson Eddy’s rendition.  You may even remember the song on a Lucile Ball and Desi Arnaz comedy routine.

School has started and all the summer reading activities with children are over.  I now have time to get back to writing my World War I blog.  I’ll be starting up by browsing the August, 1918 newspapers, but hope to be able to go back to those summer months I missed at a later date.

At the library this month we are exhibiting a “World War I and America” national traveling exhibit.  To go along with it, I created six posters highlighting letters which were written in August, 1918, by six local soldiers to family and friends. I also created a foyer exhibit about the Chautauqua show which performed in a large tent August 24-26, 1918.

Chautauqua was a popular adult education movement in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  Traveling with a tent like a circus, Chautauqua brought entertainment and culture for the whole community, with speakers, teachers, musicians, entertainers, preachers, and specialists of the day.  The one that visited Kinsley and many other Kansas towns one hundred years ago was organized by Redpath-Horner and homebased in Iowa.  With the war in progress, this Chautauqua had a very patriotic theme carried out by 13 acts and a play entitled “Liberty Torch” which was acted by local children.

Eye witness accounts of the war were main attractions at this Chautauqua.  American soldiers were pouring into Europe, and the people back home were very anxious for news about the war.  One main speaker was Lieutenant E. H. Lougher who was billed as coming “direct from France, where he went as a member of the American Red Cross commission…. He comes fresh from actual contact with soul-stirring conditions in Europe, and whose talk will be well worth while.”

  Lieutenant E. H. Lougher

The other main speaker was Captain David Fallon, who “went through the entire, terrible Gallipoli campaign.  He commanded a tank in an amazing war adventure.  He has served as an aerial observer, spotted enemy positions and fought enemy aeroplanes.  He has been wounded fifteen times. He was awarded the Military Cross for daring service by his King.”

Of special interest to the women, was Harriet Warren, a WWI Ambulance Nurse, who served in the front line hospitals specializing in plastic surgery.  She “has a story of the war from an entirely different viewpoint….It is so thrilling, so tragic, so instructive and so full of facts not generally known….”

The Major Marr Entertainers were also on the bill.  Consisting of three WWI disabled Canadian soldiers, they were described as “skilled and experienced in entertaining as well as processing a war record.  They come with a new program of songs, stories and sketches, fairly breathing the very atmosphere of the trenches.”

If this does not make you wish you could have attended the 1918 Chautauqua, I’ll tell you about an impersonator, a magician-inventor, and many more entertainers on the bill in my next blog.

Even though we will be moving ahead in parallel 1918  – 2018 time, I am going to stay with Rev. Emmanuel Jones a little longer.  He was in Kinsley only a few months before he had volunteered for service with the Y.M.C.A.  The June 13^th newspaper reports that the Jones’ household goods were being shipped to Kansas City where his wife would make her home while he was overseas.  He also advertised to sell his car.  Perhaps Mrs. Jones did not drive like many women of the time.

The editor of the Kinsley Graphic received a card announcing Rev. Jones safe arrival overseas (Aug. 15, 1918).   Then the following letter was published in the September 26, 1918 edition of the Graphic.

“Tells of Hardships Overseas

Emmanuel Jones, writing from 47 Russell Square, London, England, to Antone Lippoldt, of north of Kinsley, says:

I am just back from Llandudno, Wales, after visiting mother and the dear ones there.  I find these dear people deprived of many of the pleasures of life on account of the awful war, which is paramount every place in the home land.  Yet, with all the privations and hardships of life, they are cheerful, and willing to make any sacrifice that the liberty of all nations may be with them.

When I left the States we thought hardship was with us when denied sugar, and the little things that we could do without, but over here it is not pounds that they are offered but only ounces.  I would to God that this war was over.  When I call for the friends and school companions of past days I am told that they will never return to Blighty, but have gone West.  These are the heroes that are daily dying for liberty, and I ask myself when I look into the faces of these sad mothers, wives and sweethearts, “What have I done?”

I am sitting at this time at the door of our hut, where we have been serving since early morning to the boys the things that they need, and here let me ask that the loved ones at home remember the boys in reading matter.  Just the clippings that you send them from your daily papers are read and re-read until they are worn threadbare.  I want to tell you of the sacrifice of the women here.  They are never-tiring in their efforts to do for the boys, patching and darning their clothes day and night.  I have prayed that God would keep from our American mothers the heart-sting of France and England are now going through.

I am just called from this letter to wait upon an attachment of our boys, tired and worn, but with a radiant smile and the same Yankee determination to win.” 

This is a picture of Y.M.C.A. Eagle Hut in London which opened on September 3, 1917.  Perhaps Rev. Jones was one of the 800 volunteers on the staff.  In the same Graphic issue, a letter replying to one of his Boy Scouts, Ernest Hampton, was published.

“My Dear Ernest:  I was glad to get your letter this morning and I read it with a great deal of interest.   I often think of you and the other boys and I love to show the lovely watch that my boys gave me. I have had very little time since I came over for I have been very busy and on the move all the time, but I am having the time of my life and if I could come back I would have lots to tell.

I have met about 10 boys from the good old state of Kansas, some of them from near Kinsley, and I am planning to have an evening tea with them before very long.

While I have only been in England but a short time I have spent a few days with my folks in Wales and you can just imagine the time I had.

Now I have charge of a hut and while my hours are from 7:30 in the morning until 10:45 p.m. you can guess I will not have much time to be lonesome.

I am sorry that they haven’t found a person to take charge of the scouts but perhaps this fall when school begins and all the boys are in town they may get together.

Well, I must come to a close for today. with love to all the boys and remember me kindly to your folks.  Send me all the papers you can get, the Front Rank and the town papers.  With love and God bless you, my boy. – Emmanuel Jones”

Continuing on from the last post, this well-known evangelist, Reverend Emmanuel Jones, accepted a call to the Christian Church in Kinsley and assumed the duties in September, 1917.  According to the Kansas City Globe:

“He is considered by the members of his congregation here (Emerson Park Christian Church) to be one of the hardest working pastors ever in charge of that congregation, and the people of Kinsley must get ready to follow the lead of a busy man.  Mr. Jones had demonstrated by his work that he is a financial genius, a quality foreign to the average preacher.  During the two years of his ministry here the burden of the church debt has been practically wiped out, while at the same time extensive improvements have been made in the church property.”  (July 30, 1917)

Rev. Jones did prove to be a very busy man.  On Sundays he conducted Sunday school, morning worship, Junior Endeavor group and evening worship, and Wednesday evening there was a prayer service.  He also took on the duties of Scout Master.

But Rev. Jones was not destined to stay long in Kinsley.  Six months after his arrival, the Kinsley Graphic reported that Rev. Jones went to Topeka to a meeting about work in the army camps (March 21, 1918).  Then we read in May, how Mrs. Jones stood in for her husband and delivered the graduation address at the Nettleton School for its two graduates.  Mr. Jones was absence due to a trip to Kansas City where he “made application for work in France in the Red Cross organization and hopes to go overseas soon.” (May 23, 1918, Kinsley Graphic)  The next week he was “called back to Topeka to appear before the War Personnel committee, for examination for overseas work.”  (May 30, 1918, Kinsley Graphic)

Before he left, he took his scouts on a camping trip.  Scouts Robert Wilson (see Post #44) and Harry Ott turned in this report of the campout for the June 6 issue of the Kinsley Graphic.

We left town at 4 p.m. last Friday afternoon.  We met at the Scout room and loaded the equipment on a truck.  We all walked  to the south bridge and then down the river about a mile where we pitched our camp and gathered fire wood for our fire and we went into the river and dug holes deep enough to jump in the next morning at 5 a.m.

After which we had supper, consisting of pork and beans, bread and butter and cocoa, after which all the boys washed his own dishes; then we had over one hour drilling and while we were drilling several boys from the town came out to see our camp.  Rev. Jones, our Scout Master, talked to them for quite a while and we wondered what about, of course we did lots of guessing.  Then we played catch the spy and the boys were caught.

At 10 p.m. we were chosen in groups of four for the night duty beginning at 10:30.  Each group was to watch for one hour and half.  Between 11:30 and 12, the alarm was sent out that the enemy were trying to get our grub.  The first one to try to get through the line tripped over a rope we had stretched around their mess tent and we captured him and found him to be one of the boys that the Scout Master had talked to earlier in the evening.  A few minutes later two other boys were caught after a close call in breaking the first trench.  They left about 1:30 but never-the-less we had our guards out all night.  Some of us had only about two hours sleep but it was well worth it.

The call came at 5:00 a.m.  After a wash we had breakfast at 5:00 a.m.  Wheatena (Scout Rations), ham and eggs, coffee and bread and butter.  We had our flag raising and then drill, also the tests for second class and eight of the boys passed, some of them 100 per cent.

Dinner at 11:30.  We had stewed and fried chicken, dumplings and bread and butter and spuds.  Then we had inspection and for the twelfth time we went in swimming to prove that Scouts stand for“be clean.”

The tents were taken down and carried to the road and two boys were left in charge while we walked to town, getting home about 2:30.

We sure had the time of our life and shall be sore to lose our Scout Master when he leaves us but we are planning for another before he goes. 

There was no report that the boys got to have another campout with their Scout Master.  They did make up a fund to purchase a watch for Rev. Jones, who left to work overseas for the Y.M.C.A  in August, 1918.

(To be continued)

Another article in the same Kinsley Graphic newspaper (April 6. 1918) printed the text of Reverend Emmanuel Jones’ Liberty Day.  He was the pastor of the Christian Church and well known for his speaking ability.  I wanted to share his address with you, but thought I should try to find out a little more about him.  Several long hours of research has revealed a very interesting life story.  I warn you, it will take a few paragraphs to get him to Kinsley, World War I, and this speech in the South Park.

Emmanuel Jones was born in Wales in 1872 and immigrated to Canada and here in 1891.  He became a naturalized citizen and a minister/evangelist.  He had relatives around Scranton, Pennsylvania and was living in Omaha, Nebraska in October, 1905.  After much digging, I found mention of him traveling to Wales during the Welch Revival of 1905-06.  If you’re like me and have never heard of this, it was a Christian revival led by evangelist Evan Roberts in Wales.   His revivals impacted thousands of people and turned then to prayer and godly living.
 Evan Roberts and revival in Wales, 1905

The Scranton, Pennsylvania newspapers reported Rev. Jones as a visiting evangelist from North Dakota in the fall of 1910.   They report that his fine, baritone voice had made him “known though out the country as “The Singing Evangelist….His specialty or peculiarity as a preacher is that he sings most if not all of the sermon which he has to deliver.  An idea of his method can be inferred from the chanting of the Doxology in any church.”

In Rev. Jones’ Nov. 22, 1910 revival address “…he pointed out that it was much more preferable to be noisy in a church than to be sleepy…a preachers loses nothing by entertaining occasionally with a stroke of humor….The average congregation may be divided into three classes, the workers, the shirkers and the kickers.  The workers do all the work of the church.  The shirkers are recruited from the workers when they begin to shirk the work of the church,…and the shirkers soon degenerated into kickers.” (Scranton Republican, 11-23-1910)

Reverend Jones left Pennsylvania to evangelize in the west.  On May 28, 1914 he was pastor of the Baptist Church in Wahpeton, ND when he married Margaret Miller in Kansas City.  In the wedding announcement Rev. Jones is described as a Welshman who “has the fervency and zeal so characteristic of his countrymen.”(Wahpeton Times, May 28,1914).

The article stated that Margaret was the State Supervising Deputy for the State of North Dakota, for the Royal Neighbors of America, Fargo, ND and Kansas City.  The Royal Neighbors of America was founded by nine women in 1895 at a time before women could vote, own property in many states or even have control of their own money. Neither women nor children were generally considered insurable. This large fraternal order thought differently and offered insurance. (I wish I had time to do a little research about the early feminist organization.)

After he was married, he served several churches in the Kansas City area:  Armourdale Christian Church (1914), Grandview Christian Church (1915) and Emerson Park Christian Church in Argentine Christian Church (1916-1917).  In October, 1917, Rev. and Mrs. Jones came to the Kinsley Christian Church.

I wanted to share what Rev. Jones’ said as it represents a speech by a local person in support of the war and Liberty Bonds.  In times of war, patriotism runs high and this speech certainly exhibits that.   Try to imagine the whole town turned out for the parade and the gathering in the park to hear patriotic speeches.  This is before people had radios and televisions in their homes.  Speeches were a form of news and entertainment.  The weather must have been good as there was a contingency plan to meet at the Palace Theater if it were inclement.  There is no record that a band gazebo existed, but there may have been.  Or maybe the people sat in the wooden stands built at the park for ballgames and horse races.  There were U.S. flags everywhere and the crowd has sung patriotic singing.  Rev. Jones is the second speaker of the day.

The Flag

“When you see the Stars and Stripes displayed, stand up and take off your hat.  Somebody may titter.  It is in our English blood to deride all expression of noble sentiment.  You may blaspheme in the streets and stagger drunken in public places and the bystanders will not pay much attention to you, but if you should get down on your knees in the street and pray to Almighty God, or if you should stand bareheaded while a company of old soldiers march by with their flag in the breeze, some people would think you are showing off.  But don’t you mind.  When Old Glory comes along, salute and let them think what they please.  When you hear the band play ‘the Star Spangled Banner’ while you are in a restaurant or hotel dining room, get up, even if you rise alone, stand there, and don’t be ashamed of it either.  For all the signs and symbols since the world began there is never another so full of meaning as the flag of this country.  That piece of red, white and blue bunting means five thousand years of struggle upward.  It is the full-blown flower of ages of fighting for liberty.  It is the century plant of human hope in bloom.  It means the answered prayer of generations of slaves, of the Helots of Greece, of the human chattels of Rome, of the vassals of feudalism, of the serfs of Russia, or the blacks of America—of all who whipped and cursed, have crawled from the cradle to the grave through all time.  Your flag stands for humanity, for an equal opportunity to all the sons of men.  Of course, we haven’t arrived yet at that goal.  There are many injustices yet among us.  Many senseless and cruel customs of the past still cling to us.  But the only hope of righting the wrongs of men lies in the feeling produced in our bosoms by the sight of that flag.  It stands for no race, it is not like an Austrian, Turkish or German flag – it stands for me—men of any blood who will come and live with us under its protection.  It is the only banner that means mankind.  It stands for a great nation on earth free from the curse and burden of militarism and devoted to the arts of peace.  It means the richest, happiest, youngest people on the glove.  Other flags mean a glorious past, this flag a glorious future.  It is not so much the flag of our fathers as it is the flag of our children and all children’s children yet unborn.  It is the flag of tomorrow.  It is the signal of the ‘good time coming.’  It is not the flag of your king, it is the flag of yourself and for all your neighbors.  It has a power concealed in its folds and swatters abroad an influence from its fluttering.  That power and influence mean that in due time slowly and by force of law, yet surely as the footsteps of God, the last ancient fraud shall be smitten.  The last unearned privilege removed.  The last irregularity set right.  The last man shall have a place to work and a living wage.  The last woman shall have her rights of person and of citizenship, and the last and least of children shall be sheltered and trained and equipped by the sovereign state, and so have their right to live.

Don’t be ashamed when your throat chokes and the tears come as you see it flying from the mast of a ship in the Bay of Gibraltar or the Port of Singapore, you will never have a worthier emotion.  That flag is the cream of all religions, the concentrated essence of the best impulses of the human race; reverence it as you would reverence the signature of the Deity.  By hundred and by thousands the wretched victims of the old world caste are streaming westward, seeking here the thing that flag stands for—opportunity.  It stands for the quick against the dead, the youth of the world against its senility.

How would you like to have the power of militarism take your favorite horses from you and grind them into sausage meat to feed your sons on the battle field.  This has been done in Germany and is being done in Germany this very day.  How would you like to see that same power harness your wife and daughter and hitch them to a plow and compel them to do the work of the dumb beast in the field.  How would you like to have that same power order you and your wife and your children out of your own home and instruct you never to set foot within your own dooryard again.”

(Rev. Emmanual Jones’ story to be continued)

Another article from the April 11, 1918 Kinsley Graphic caught my attention as it tells about a flag that was carried in the Loyalty Day parade mentioned in my last blog.  This is another case of wondering what ever happened to that flag?”  Hopefully it found its way to a museum.  The article in the Kinsley Graphic begins:

“One of the interesting features of the patriotic demonstration Saturday was the appearance in the parade of the company flag of Co. C, 27^th New York Infantry.  This flag is now in possession of Mr. Floyd Wellman, of this city.  David Lester, an old soldier, resident here for many years, was in Company F of the 27^th New York Infantry and was personally well acquainted with its history.”

Mr. Wellman was a well-respected, long-time citizen of Kinsley. He was born September 8, 1854 in Steuben County, New York.  He moved with his parents to a farm southwest of Kinsley in 1886.   When his father’s died in 1891, he and his mother moved into Kinsley where he was elected township trustee, a position he held for many years.  He worked caring for the roads.

David Lester was active in the G.A.R. (Grand Army of the Republic) and was probably riding in one of those automobiles at the front of the parade.  Perhaps the flag was flown or carried by a G.A.R. member or Mr. Wellman.  Lester is best-known as the creator of the Civil War Monument in Hillside Cemetery outside of Kinsley.  He was 74 years old when he made the monument out of cement in 1917.  It is on both the Kansas and National Historic Registries.

But back to the story about the flag in the Graphic.

“The old flag is in fairly good preservation still and is carefully treasured by Mr. Wellman and only brought out on important occasions.  There is no record of the flag prior to its coming into possession of Co. C.  It carries 26 stars.  This would indicate that it was made after the admission of Michigan to statehood in 1837 and prior to the admission of Texas in 1845.”

The flag may have looked like this one below, but there is no way of knowing for sure.

The article goes on to tell the known history of the flag.

“The 27^th assembled at Elmira and as mess halls were scarce, school houses, churches and the larger residences were used.  F. W. Morrow, uncle of Mr. Wellman, had a large house and moved his family to the upper story and Co. C, had the use of the lower floor for a mess hall.  Floyd Wellman was a little chap of seven years and the company took a great liking to him and kept him with them most of the time while in the city.  The regiment was mustered into the service of the United States July 5th, 1861 and dated May 21.  They fought in thirteen major engagements and many small battles, and returned to Elmira and were mustered out June, 1863.  The remnant of Co. C, again visited the Morrow family and renewed their friendship with Floyd.  Most of them re-enlisted and as they were to be scattered, they decided to leave their old company flag with Mrs. Morrow until such time as they could reclaim it.  It remained in her possession for a number of years and was not called for.  Finally she sent it to her nephew, Floyd Wellman, of this city, who cherishes it as one of his most prized possessions.”

Although the following tidbit is quite far afield from WWI or the parade, I can’t help including it on this blog.  An article in the Kinsley Graphic (November 30, 1922) told how Floyd Wellman loaned his mother’s scrapbook of Civil War era articles to the editor who found a picture of Abraham Lincoln in it, and wrote the following:

“Floyd related a story of the greatest fight it was ever his pleasure to witness between two women.  A few days after the assassination of Lincoln a Union soldier who had lost an arm in the war was on the streets of Elmira, New York, selling pictures of Lincoln.  Stepping up to a woman, the soldier requested her to buy a portrait, to which the customer replied, she would not have it in the house, but if he had a picture of Booth, the assassin, she would buy enough of them to cover the walls of her home.  The soldier told another lady concerning the remark made by the first woman.  Accosting the offender, the second lady, hit the one who made the remark, between the eyes with all her might, and a real fight, stripped of the propriety of Marquis of Queensbury rules ensued. Floyd was eleven years old at the time, and remembers the incident as though it were but yesterday.  He bought one of the pictures.”

Again, I ask help wondering whatever happened to that picture and scrapbook?”

On April 2, 1917, President Wilson asked for a declaration of war against Germany.  One year later a Loyalty Day Parade to promote the purchase of Liberty Bonds was held on Saturday, April 6, 1918. The Third Liberty Loan Act sold liberty bonds to cover the war expenses of the United States. In effect, the bonds were loans from citizens to the US Government which would be repaid with interest in the future.
 Door Hanger                                  Grand Army of the Republic, May 20, 1914, Kinlsey

The week one hundred years ago had started out on Monday morning with the Boy Scouts decorating the doorknobs of homes with a Liberty Bell paper door hanger.

A parade was quickly organized for Saturday.   The mayor asked the stores to close from 10 – 1 o’clock.  People were encouraged to decorate stores, homes, and floats with flags and other patriotic materials. The parade formed at the high school and went through town and on city streets, ending up at the city park south of town.

“The old soldiers (Grand Army of the Republic Civil War veterans) and their wives in automobiles lead the way, and were followed by the Boy Scouts, Beck’s Boy Band, the Home Guard, the young people from our city schools, and citizens in floats and automobiles.  The band played patriotic airs during the march.  The Boy Scouts marched in open order with a large flag stretched between the men.  The stretcher-bearers carried a small dog on their stretcher and covered him with a Red Cross blanket.  More than 500 school children were in the line of march.  They sang patriotic songs at intervals.  Some were fantastically garbed, but the group that attracted special attention was made up to represent Belgian refugees.  They looked the part.” (Kinsley Mercury, April 11, 1918)

According to the Kinsley Graphic published on the same day, “The procession was taken out of its assigned line of march to pass the home of Mr. Goldschmidt, who had expressed regret that he was unable to view it, and the band stopped in the yard and played for him.  It will be another pleasant memory to all of us as the days pass.”  The poignancy of this gesture to a respected businessman of the community becomes clear when printed a couple columns over in the same paper is Fred Goldschmidt’s obituary announcing his death on April 9.
   Goldschmidts Hardware Store (1901) with detail of Fred 1860-1918) who came to Kinsley 1885.

The parade terminated in the city park south of town.  “Mrs. C. W. Beeler stood on the platform and led the singing.  Rev. W. G. Baker was the first speaker.  He explained that being a new-comer he deemed it advisable to make his stand on the war clear.  He stated very emphatically that he was a loyal citizen and for the vigorous prosecution of the war.  He was followed by Rev. Emmanuel Jones, whose topic was ‘The flag.’  He urged that at all times and in all places every citizens show his respect for the flag and our patriotic airs by standing uncovered when the flag is passing or the national airs are played or sung…. W. T. Williams was the last speaker, and delivered a stinging denunciation of all forms of disloyalty to this government.

Both newspapers rated the day and the drive for Liberty Bonds a success.

 “In mentioning the parade we feel that considerable praise is due the patriotic people of our little city and especially so since the fact is known that the whole show was planned and arranged in a day or so.  It was one of the best parades it has ever been our pleasure to witness and to see the youngsters out of school cheering and waving flags for their Uncle Sam was a sight we shall long remember.  Every department of the big event was successfully carried out and those who were in charge are to be congratulated.” (Kinsley Mercury, April 11, 1918)

“The patriotic demonstration in this city Saturday was most satisfying and satisfactory to those who had it in charge, and to the people as a whole, who saw in it the answer to the pro-Hun who still insists this country has no business in the war.  This demonstration shows we are not arguing the question.  We are in, and we propose to fight it through with all the resources of our country.” (Kinsley Graphic, April 11, 1918)